[49], Smith's Bible Names Dictionary suggests that on the arrival of Jesus and his entourage, "Jericho was once more 'a city of palms' when our Lord visited it. The architecture consisted of rectilinear buildings made of mudbricks on stone foundations. [citation needed], In 1179, the Crusaders rebuilt the Monastery of St. George of Koziba, at its original site 10 kilometres (6 mi) from the center of town. A skull cache contained seven skulls. Finally, between Jerusalem and Jericho was laid the scene of his story of the good Samaritan. In Biblical Names the meaning of the name Jericho is: His moon, his month, his sweet smell'. Each house measured about 5 metres (16 ft) across, and was roofed with mud-smeared brush. God gave it into their hands. Dr. Bliss has found in a hollow scooped out for some purpose or other near the foot of the biggest mound above the Sultan's Spring specimens of Amorite or pre-Israelitish pottery precisely identical with what he had discovered on the site of ancient Lachish. ch. Bukhari. (place of fragrance ), a city of high antiquity, situated in a plain traversed by the Jordan, and exactly over against where that river was crossed by the Israelites under Joshua. [70] Abraham Samuel Herschberg (1858–1943) also reported after his 1899–1900 travels in the region[71] of some 30 poor huts and 300 residents. [63] The villagers processed indigo as one source of revenue, using a cauldron specifically for this purpose that was loaned to them by the Ottoman authorities in Jerusalem. The road leading from Jerusalem to Jericho is still infested by robbers who hide in the rocky caverns adjoining it, and appear without warning from the tributary gorges of the wadies which dissect the mountain wall. In the time of Christ, it was an important place yielding a large revenue to the royal family. [17], Jericho's name in Hebrew, Yeriẖo, is generally thought to derive from the Canaanite word reaẖ ("fragrant"), but other theories hold that it originates in the Canaanite word for "moon" (Yareaẖ) or the name of the lunar deity Yarikh for whom the city was an early centre of worship. (c. 8350 – 7370 BCE)[dubious – discuss] The earliest excavated settlement was located at the present-day Tell es-Sultan (or Sultan's Hill), a couple of kilometers from the current city. When captured, vessels of brass and iron, large quantities of silver and gold, and "a goodly Babylonish garment" were found in it (Joshua 7:21). [37] Bronze Age Jericho fell in the 16th century at the end of the Middle Bronze Age, the calibrated carbon remains from its City-IV destruction layer dating to 1617–1530 BCE. [30] This tower and the even older ones excavated at Tell Qaramel in Syria[10][11] are the oldest ever to be discovered. The miracle may, therefore, be regarded as either that of prophecy, in which the Creator by foretelling the course of things to Joshua, secured the junction of Divine and human activities which constitutes a true miracle, or we may regard the movements which brought down the walls to be the result of direct Divine action, such as is exerted by man when be produces an explosion of dynamite at a particular time and place. After the PPNA settlement phase, there was a settlement hiatus of several centuries, then the PPNB settlement was founded on the eroded surface of the tell. "Entry for 'JERICHO'". The meaning of the city's name is uncertain, but it may be related to the Hebrew word יָרֵחַ (yareach) meaning "moon", or otherwise to the Hebrew word רֵיחַ (reyach) meaning "fragrant". The geological situation (see JORDAN VALLEY) sheds great light upon the capture of the city by Joshua (Joshua 6). --ED.). Jericho is located 258 metres (846 ft) below sea level in an oasis in Wadi Qelt in the Jordan Valley, which makes it the lowest city in the world. The defenses ... belong to a fairly advanced date in that period" and there was "a massive stone revetment ... part of a complex system" of defenses. The road between Jerusalem and Jericho is the setting for the Parable of the Good Samaritan. It was the first city handed over to Palestinian Authority control in accordance with the Oslo Accords. "Elisha Spring", in Hebrew, and springs in Wadi Qelt. "[67], In the 19th century, European scholars, archaeologists and missionaries visited often. Artifacts dating from this period include ten plastered human skulls, painted so as to reconstitute the individuals' features. [3], Demographics have varied widely depending on the dominant ethnic group and rule in the region over the past three thousand years. ( Joshua 18:21 ) and from this time a long interval elapses before Jericho appears again upon the scene. dialect. [95], In the first census carried out by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), in 1997, Jericho's population was 14,674. "sugar mills") holds remains of a Crusader sugar production facility. Government of Jordan, Department of Statistics, 1964, pp. Reassessing Hasmonean Jericho', Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo, Slayers of Saleh's she-camel (Qaddar ibn Salif and Musda' ibn Dahr). [85], In 1961, the population of Jericho was 10,166,[86] of whom 935 were Christian, the rest Muslim. In the Middle Ages they were so repaired that an abundance and variety of crops were raised, including wheat, barley, millet, figs, grapes and sugar cane. Ernst Sellin and Carl Watzinger excavated Tell es-Sultan and Tulul Abu el-'Alayiq between 1907 and 1909, and in 1911, and John Garstang excavated between 1930 and 1936. [10][11], Archaeologists have unearthed the remains of more than 20 successive settlements in Jericho, the first of which dates back 11,000 years (9000 BCE),[12][13] almost to the very beginning of the Holocene epoch of the Earth's history. Santa Rosa, situated on the valley floor, "underlain to a considerable depth by loose or slightly coherent geological formations, .... 20 miles from the rift, was the most severely shaken town in the state and suffered the greatest disaster relatively to its population and extent" (Report, 13 and 15). All rights reserved. In its immediate vicinity the sons of the prophets sought retirement from the world; Elisha "healed the spring of the waters;" and over against it, beyond Jordan, Elijah "went up by a whirlwind into heaven." They play home games in the 15,000 spectator Jericho International Stadium.[107].

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